Hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating, which is more than what is needed to regulate body temperature. Many people suffer from hyperhidrosis, an infrequently diagnosed condition. People with hyperhidrosis often feel a loss of control, as sweating just kicks in—without a high body temperature or highly charged emotional situation. The condition can make you avoid social situations, especially if you have to shake hands. Anxiety can make hyperhidrosis worse. The condition can also be caused by certain foods and drinks, nicotine, caffeine, and some fragrances.
Normal sweating keeps the body cool and excretes a number of waste products from the body. Sweating is part of the sympathetic nervous system, which is part of the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary activities in the body, such as the beating of the heart and the circulation of the blood. While sweating is a necessary function of the body, excessive sweating can negatively impact a person's quality of life. Hyperhidrosis can occur all over the body or only on specific parts. The hands, feet, armpits, and groin area are the most active regions of perspiration because of the relatively high concentration of sweat glands in these areas. However, any part of the body can be affected by hyperhidrosis. The condition can start during adolescence or even before, and it turns out that there is a genetic component to the condition.
Types of Hyperhidrosis
There are three main types of hyperhidrosis:primary, generalized, and secondary generalized hyperhidrosis.
1. Primary focal hyperhidrosis is a medical condition that is not caused by medication or any other medical problem. Excessive sweating occurs on specific areas of the body (focal), including the feet, hands, forearms, and face. The sweating can be so severe that it drips from the hands, feet, or armpits. Primary hyperhidrosis often begins in childhood and adolescence, and it can be inherited.
2. Generalized idiopathic hyperhidrosis occurs when large areas of the body sweat. This condition is usually treated with medication.
3. Secondary generalized hyperhidrosis causes large areas of the body to sweat. This can be caused by a medical condition, such as menopause, diabetes, an overactive thyroid, or stroke. Medications, exercise, and heat can also cause secondary generalized hyperhidrosis. The sweating can occur during sleep. This condition should be evaluated by a dermatologist for diagnosis and treatment.
Treatment options
The diagnosis and treatment of excessive sweating depends on the type of hyperhidrosis and the area affected. Most patients with generalized idiopathic hyperhidrosis can be treated with oral medications. Those with secondary generalized hyperhidrosis should be evaluated by a dermatologist.
There are several methods of treatment for treating primary hyperhidrosis. Many patients need to try conservative therapies (drugs) before considering surgery. Your doctor will determine which treatment method is best for you based on the nature of the hyperhidrosis you have, your age and your general medical condition.
